HSK 4

Session: 20 new remaining of the 20/day cap · 0 learning waiting · 97 reviews due.

Click HSK::Level 4, not the parent HSK. No learning queue, so new cards interleave with the 97 reviews.

Session plan

• Nothing in learning. When a new one pops, match it to the number below.
• 光 today is 花光了 (used up), not 阳光. 组 is 这组练习, a set of drills, not 组织.
• 专业 in the sentence is works professionally, not 我的专业. 之 is 之一, not a free 的.
• Form / body: 性别 on a form, 体重 on the scale. School: 教学 / 能力 / 专业.
• Time pile: 忽然 rain, 迟 arriving, 从此 since then, 秒 on a clock.

1. 性别（xìngbié）

sex; gender · jenis kelamin

Example: 填表的时候别忘了写上你的性别。 — Don't forget to fill in your gender when you fill out the form.

• CJK: 性 = 性 xìng. 别 = 別 bié. JP 性別（せいべつ）. Canto 性別 sing3 bit6. Same 性 as 性格; here “sex/gender on a form.”
• Fun fact: 填表 + 写上性别. 男 / 女 on the line. 性别歧视 is a later compound. Not 性格.
• Memorize: Form blank 性别: with 男 / 女 boxes: 写上你的性别.
• Study tip: 性别. Don’t answer 男女 or 性格.

2. 农村（nóngcūn）

rural area; village · desa; pedesaan

Example: 今年夏天我打算回农村看爷爷。 — This summer I plan to go back to the countryside to visit Grandpa.

• CJK: 农 = 農 nóng. 村 = 村 cūn. JP 農村（のうそん）. Canto 農村 nung4 cyun1. Traditional 農村. Opposite 城市.
• Fun fact: 回农村看爷爷. Hometown village, not “farming” as a job (农民). 乡下 is the colloquial cousin.
• Memorize: Train back to Grandpa’s village in summer: 回农村看爷爷.
• Study tip: 农村. Don’t answer 农民 or 城市.

3. 忽然（hūrán）

suddenly; all of a sudden · tiba-tiba

Example: 我们正在走路，忽然下起大雨来了。 — We were walking when it suddenly started pouring.

• CJK: 忽 = 忽 hū. 然 = 然. JP 忽然（こつぜん） / usually 急に. Canto 忽然 fat1 jin4. Same 然 as 突然.
• Fun fact: 忽然下起大雨. 突然 is the everyday twin; 忽然 is a bit more written/story-like. 下起…来了 is the rain starting.
• Memorize: Walking, sky dumps: 忽然下起大雨.
• Study tip: 忽然. Don’t answer 突然 unless that’s the card.

4. 光（guāng）

used up; finished · habis

Example: 钱已经花光了。 — The money has all been spent.

• CJK: 光 = 光 guāng. JP 光（ひかり） is “light.” Canto 光 gwong1. Same character; today is the result complement.
• Fun fact: Dictionary leads with “light / ray.” Today is V + 光 = used up: 花光 / 吃光 / 用光. 花 is spend. Not 阳光 or 光明.
• Memorize: Empty wallet, last coin gone: 花光了.
• Study tip: 花光了. Don’t answer 阳光 or 亮.

5. 组（zǔ）

set; group; classifier · set; kelompok

Example: 这组练习比较难，我们慢慢一起做吧。 — This set of exercises is rather hard; let's do them slowly together.

• CJK: 组 = 組 zǔ. JP 組（くみ / そ）. Canto 組 zou2. Traditional 組. Same 组 as 组织 — not today.
• Fun fact: Measure: 一组练习 / 一组电池. Surname Zu is in the dump. Today is this set of drills. 组织 is the verb/noun “organize.”
• Memorize: Worksheet bundle labeled 一组: 这组练习比较难.
• Study tip: 这组练习. Don’t answer 组织 or 队.

6. 教学（jiàoxué）

teaching; instruction · pengajaran

Example: 他的教学很好。 — His teaching is very good.

• CJK: 教 = 教. 学 = 學. JP 教学（きょうがく）. Canto 教學 gaau3 hok6. Same 教 as 老师; here the craft of teaching.
• Fun fact: 教学 = how he teaches, not 教室 (classroom) or 教育 (education as a field). 教课 is the daily verb. Pairs with 能力 / 专业 later.
• Memorize: Teacher at a whiteboard, students nodding: 教学很好.
• Study tip: 教学. Don’t answer 教育 or 上课.

7. 乱（luàn）

at random; in disorder · sembarangan; kacau

Example: 你不要乱吃药，应该先去医院。 — Don't take medicine at random; you should go to the hospital first.

• CJK: 乱 = 亂 luàn. JP 乱（らん）. Canto 亂 lyun6. Traditional 亂. 舌-ish 舌 + 乙-shape; not 辞.
• Fun fact: 乱 + verb = do it indiscriminately: 乱吃 / 乱说 / 乱放. Today is medicine. Japanese 病院 / 注射 are on the Level 2 sheet; Canto 病 is the sick-day card.
• Memorize: Handful of mixed pills, stop sign: 不要乱吃药.
• Study tip: 乱吃药. Don’t answer 忙 or 医院.

8. 体重（tǐzhòng）

body weight · berat badan

Example: 我今天早上发现自己的体重又增加了。 — This morning I noticed that my weight has gone up again.

• CJK: 体 = 體 tǐ. 重 = 重 zhòng. JP 体重（たいじゅう）. Canto 體重 tai2 cung5. Traditional 體重. Same 重 as 重要, here “heavy.”
• Fun fact: 体重增加. Scale in the morning. 体重下降 is the diet twin. 重量 is mass of an object; today is the body.
• Memorize: Scale needle creeping up at breakfast: 体重又增加了.
• Study tip: 体重. Don’t answer 重 or 胖.

9. 相同（xiāngtóng）

identical; same · sama; identik

Example: 这两件衣服颜色相同，大小不太一样。 — These two pieces of clothing are the same color, but not quite the same size.

• CJK: 相 = 相. 同 = 同. JP 相同（そうどう） / 同じ. Canto 相同 soeng1 tung4. Same 同 as 同学. Canto 實際 later is “actual,” not “same.”
• Fun fact: 颜色相同, but 大小不太一样. 相同 is a bit formal/written; 一样 is the spoken default. 一样 can be “alike”; 相同 is “the same.”
• Memorize: Two shirts, same red, different sizes: 颜色相同.
• Study tip: 相同. Don’t answer 一样 unless that’s the card.

10. 故意（gùyì）

deliberately; on purpose · sengaja

Example: 他故意不告诉我。 — He didn't tell me on purpose.

• CJK: 故 = 故 gù. 意 = 意. JP 故意に. Canto 故意 gu3 ji3. Same 故 as 故事, here “reason/intent.”
• Fun fact: 故意不告诉. Opposite of 不是故意的. 特意 is “specially (for you)”; 故意 often has a blame flavor.
• Memorize: Finger on lips, hiding a message: 故意不告诉我.
• Study tip: 故意. Don’t answer 特意 or 知道.

11. 暖和（nuǎnhuo）

warm; nice and warm · hangat

Example: 进来喝杯热茶，暖和暖和身体。 — Come in and have a cup of hot tea to warm yourself up.

• CJK: 暖 = 暖 nuǎn. 和 = 和 (here huo, neutral). JP 暖かい. Canto 暖 nyn5 / 溫暖. Not 温 as in 温度.
• Fun fact: Reduplicated 暖和暖和 = warm yourself. 暖和 is cozy indoor warm; 热 is hot. 温暖 is slightly more written.
• Memorize: Stepping in from cold, both hands on a teacup: 暖和暖和身体.
• Study tip: 暖和. Audio is nuǎnhuo. Don’t answer 热 or 温暖 unless that’s the card.

12. 诚实（chéngshí）

honest · jujur

Example: 他是一个诚实的人。 — He is an honest person.

• CJK: 诚 = 誠 chéng. 实 = 實 shí. JP 誠実（せいじつ）. Canto 誠實 sing4 sat6. Traditional 誠實. Same 实 as 实在 / Canto 實際.
• Fun fact: 诚实的人. Character word. 老实 is “simple/honest” (sometimes naive); 诚实 is the virtue. 撒谎 is the opposite verb.
• Memorize: Hand on heart, no crossed fingers: 诚实的人.
• Study tip: 诚实. Don’t answer 老实 or 真.

13. 迟（chí）

late; delayed · terlambat

Example: 对不起，我来迟了。 — Sorry, I arrived late.

• CJK: 迟 = 遲 chí. JP 遅い. Canto 遲 ci4. Traditional 遲. Same idea as 迟到. Surname Chi is in the dump — not today.
• Fun fact: 来迟了. 迟到 is the two-syllable verb students already know. Today may be the single 迟. 晚 is “late in the day”; 迟 is late vs a deadline.
• Memorize: Bowing at the door, clock past the mark: 我来迟了.
• Study tip: 来迟了. Don’t answer 晚 or 慢 unless the audio is that.

14. 剩（shèng）

to remain; leftover · tersisa

Example: 冰箱里还剩一些昨天晚上的菜。 — There are still some leftovers from last night in the fridge.

• CJK: 剩 = 剩 shèng. JP 残る. Canto 剩 zing6. 剩菜 = leftovers. Not 乘 chéng.
• Fun fact: 还剩一些. Fridge shot. 剩下 is the two-syllable cousin. 花光 (earlier) is the empty end; 剩 is what’s left.
• Memorize: Opening the fridge, last night’s boxes: 还剩一些菜.
• Study tip: 剩. Don’t answer 还有 or 多.

15. 从此（cóngcǐ）

from now on; since then · sejak itu

Example: 从此我们成了朋友。 — Since then we have been friends.

• CJK: 从 = 從. 此 = 此 cǐ “this” (written). JP 从此（こんじ） / それから. Canto 從此 cung4 ci2. Literary-ish.
• Fun fact: 从此 + new state. Story adverb: “and from that moment…” 从那以后 is the spoken cousin. 现在起 is “from now.”
• Memorize: Handshake after a scene cut: 从此我们成了朋友.
• Study tip: 从此. Don’t answer 以后 or 然后.

16. 方面（fāngmiàn）

aspect; respect; field · hal; aspek

Example: 在这方面我同意。 — I agree on this point.

• CJK: 方 = 方. 面 = 面. JP 方面（ほうめん）. Canto 方面 fong1 min6. Same 面 as 面对 (yesterday’s Canto card).
• Fun fact: 在 + 方面 = on this point / in this area. 一方面…另一方面… is the essay pair. Not 方向 (direction).
• Memorize: Checklist of topics, finger on one box: 在这方面我同意.
• Study tip: 方面. Don’t answer 边 or 方向.

17. 之（zhī）

…之一; literary 的 · salah satu; -nya

Example: 这是我今年看过的电影之一。 — This is one of the movies I have seen this year.

• CJK: 之 = 之 zhī. JP 之（の） in names; grammar is の / のうち. Canto 之 zi1. Classical stand-in for 的.
• Fun fact: Pattern A 是 B 之一 = one of the B’s. Today is 电影之一, not a floating possessive. 的 is the spoken particle.
• Memorize: Movie tickets, circling one of several posters: 电影之一.
• Study tip: 之一. Don’t answer 的 or 个.

18. 能力（nénglì）

capability; ability · kemampuan

Example: 他学习能力很强，很快就学会了。 — His learning ability is strong, so he picked it up quickly.

• CJK: 能 = 能. 力 = 力. JP 能力（のうりょく）. Canto 能力 nang4 lik6. Same 能 as 能够.
• Fun fact: 学习能力很强. 能力 is the noun; 能 is the modal. 会 is the result (学会了). Pairs with 教学.
• Memorize: Fast learner stacking skill bars: 学习能力很强.
• Study tip: 能力. Don’t answer 能 or 会.

19. 专业（zhuānyè）

professional; (also) major · profesional; jurusan

Example: 她做事很专业，我们都非常放心。 — She works very professionally, so we all feel completely at ease.

• CJK: 专 = 專 zhuān. 业 = 業 yè. JP 専門 / プロ. Canto 專業 zyun1 jip6. Traditional 專業. 专业 also = university major — not this sentence.
• Fun fact: 做事很专业 = does the work like a pro. 放心 is the feeling it causes. 我的专业是… is the other card-shape; skip it today.
• Memorize: Calm expert at a desk, everyone else relaxing: 做事很专业.
• Study tip: 专业. Don’t answer 工作 or 大学 unless the sentence is the major.

20. 秒（miǎo）

second (of time) · detik

Example: 比赛还有三十秒就要开始了。 — The match is about to start in thirty seconds.

• CJK: 秒 = 秒 miǎo. JP 秒（びょう）. Canto 秒 miu5. 禾 + 少. Not 少 shǎo.
• Fun fact: 三十秒. Time unit under 分. Colloquial 秒了 = instantly. Arc-second is in the dump; today is the countdown.
• Memorize: Starter clock 00:30 at a match: 还有三十秒.
• Study tip: 秒. Don’t answer 分 or 马上.