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HSK 4

汉语

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20
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Session: 20 new remaining of the 20/day cap · 0 learning waiting · 85 reviews due.

Click HSK::Level 4, not the parent HSK. No learning queue, so new cards interleave with the 85 reviews.

Session plan

  • Nothing in learning. When a new one pops, match it to the number below.
  • 数 today is this number is too big, not 数学 and not 数 shǔ “to count.”
  • 项 is the measure word riding on 任务: 一项任务. Don’t answer 项目 unless that’s the card.
  • Money pair: 现金 (paper, no card) / 赚 (overtime pay).
  • Softeners: 恐怕 = “I’m afraid that…”; 肯定 in the example is “definitely will,” not “I’m not sure.”
  • 能够 vs 能 / 可以. 儿童 is the written kid; 孩子 is the kitchen kid.

1. 数（shù）

number; figure · angka

Example: 这个数太大了，我还要再检查一次。 — This number is too big; I need to check it again.

数
  • CJK: 数 = 數 shù. JP 数（かず / すう）. Canto 數 sou3. Same character as 数学, but today’s sentence is the figure on the page.
  • Fun fact: POS on the note is 名、数. Dictionary leads with “to count” (shǔ). Today is shù, the noun. 这个数 = this number. 数字 is the digit; 数 is the amount.
  • Memorize: Calculator flashing a huge total, you check it twice: 这个数太大了.
  • Study tip: 这个数. Don’t answer 数学, 数字, or 数 shǔ unless the audio is that.

2. 能够（nénggòu）

to be able to; can · mampu; dapat

Example: 我能够自己去。 — I can go by myself.

能够
  • CJK: 能 = 能 néng. 够 = 夠 gòu (enough). JP できる. Canto 能夠 nang4 gau3. 够 is the “enough capacity” half.
  • Fun fact: 能 is the short verb. 能够 is a bit more formal/written: capable enough to. 可以 is permission. 会 is a learned skill.
  • Memorize: Walking out the door alone, no hand-holder: 我能够自己去.
  • Study tip: 能够 + verb. Don’t answer 可以 (may I) or 会 (know how) unless that’s the card.

3. 现金（xiànjīn）

cash · uang tunai

Example: 对不起，这家店只收现金，不收银行卡。 — Sorry, this shop only takes cash, not bank cards.

现金
  • CJK: 现 = 現 xiàn. 金 = 金. JP 現金（げんきん）. Canto 現金 jin6 gam1. Same 现 as 现在, here “on the spot” money.
  • Fun fact: 收现金 / 付现金. Opposite of 刷卡 / 银行卡. 现钞 is the bills; 现金 is the everyday word.
  • Memorize: Shop sign, card refused, stack of notes: 只收现金.
  • Study tip: 只收现金. Don’t answer 钱 or 信用卡 for this card.

4. 赚（zhuàn）

to earn; to make a profit · menghasilkan (uang)

Example: 他这个月加班很多，所以赚了不少钱。 — He worked a lot of overtime this month, so he earned quite a bit of money.

赚
  • CJK: 赚 = 賺 zhuàn. JP 稼ぐ. Canto 賺 zaan6. Traditional 賺. Not 转 zhuǎn.
  • Fun fact: 赚钱 is the collocation. 赚了不少钱. 挣 is a cousin; HSK likes 赚 here. Overtime → 赚 is the picture.
  • Memorize: Overtime lamp + a thicker wallet: 赚了不少钱.
  • Study tip: 赚钱. Don’t answer 花 (spend) or 转.

5. 项（xiàng）

classifier for tasks, items, projects · penggolong tugas

Example: 这项工作很重要，你一定要认真做。 — This task is very important; you really must do it carefully.

项
  • CJK: 项 = 項 xiàng. JP 項目（こうもく）. Canto 項 hong6. Measure word, not the surname, not the nape of the neck.
  • Fun fact: Dictionary dumps “neck / surname / math term.” Today is 一项工作. 项 rides on 工作 / 任务 / 研究. Same 项 as the classifier on today’s 任务 card.
  • Memorize: One stamped task sheet: 这项工作.
  • Study tip: 一项 + 工作/任务. Don’t answer 个 or 项目 unless that’s the audio.

6. 聚餐（jùcān）

to have a group meal · makan bersama

Example: 周末我们一起聚餐。 — We'll have a group meal this weekend.

聚餐
  • CJK: 聚 = 聚 jù (聚集). 餐 = 餐 cān (餐厅). JP 会食. Canto 聚餐 zeoi6 caan1.
  • Fun fact: Verb. 一起聚餐. Not 吃饭 (any meal) and not 宴会 (banquet). Club/class/office weekend table.
  • Memorize: Round table, many bowls, weekend: 一起聚餐.
  • Study tip: 聚餐. Don’t answer 吃饭 or 聚会 (the gathering without the food).

7. 基本（jīběn）

basic; fundamental · mendasar; pada dasarnya

Example: 这是基本问题。 — This is a basic issue.

基本
  • CJK: 基 = 基 jī (基础). 本 = 本. JP 基本（きほん）. Canto 基本 gei1 bun2. Same 本 as 本科 later.
  • Fun fact: Adj/adv. 基本问题 = a fundamental issue. 基本上 = basically (the “work is basically done” sense). Today’s sentence is the noun-modifying one.
  • Memorize: Foundation blocks under a question mark: 基本问题.
  • Study tip: 基本 + noun. 基本上 + clause. Don’t answer 基础 unless that’s the card.

8. 儿童（értóng）

child · anak-anak

Example: 这些儿童在玩游戏。 — These children are playing a game.

儿童
  • CJK: 儿 = 兒 ér. 童 = 童 tóng. JP 児童（じどう）. Canto 兒童 ji4 tung4.
  • Fun fact: 儿童 is the official/written kid (儿童节, 儿童医院). 孩子 is the one at home. 小孩 is casual.
  • Memorize: Kids at a game table, slightly “poster” looking: 这些儿童.
  • Study tip: 儿童. Don’t answer 孩子 unless that’s the card.

9. 本科（běnkē）

undergraduate (course) · S1; sarjana

Example: 他在北京的大学读本科，已经三年了。 — He’s been doing his undergraduate studies at a university in Beijing for three years already.

本科
  • CJK: 本 = 本. 科 = 科 kē (科学). JP 学部. Canto 本科 bun2 fo1. 本科生 = undergrad student.
  • Fun fact: 读本科 / 本科毕业. Ladder: 专科 < 本科 < 硕士 / 研究生. 三年了 = year three of the four-year S1.
  • Memorize: Campus backpack, Beijing, year-three: 读本科.
  • Study tip: 读本科. Don’t answer 大学 or 研究生.

10. 恐怕（kǒngpà）

I’m afraid that…; perhaps · khawatir; takutnya

Example: 恐怕要下雨了。 — I'm afraid it's going to rain.

恐怕
  • CJK: 恐 = 恐 kǒng (恐龙 is a joke, not the card). 怕 = 怕 pà. JP 恐らく. Canto 恐怕 hung2 paa3.
  • Fun fact: Rarely “I am terrified.” It’s the polite I suspect / looks like. 恐怕要…了. 怕 is the raw fear verb.
  • Memorize: Sky going grey, shrug: 恐怕要下雨了.
  • Study tip: 恐怕 + clause. Don’t answer 怕 or 可能 unless that’s the audio.

11. 厨师（chúshī）

cook; chef · koki

Example: 他是饭店的厨师。 — He is the restaurant's chef.

厨师
  • CJK: 厨 = 廚 chú. 师 = 師 shī (老师). JP 料理人 / シェフ. Canto 廚師 cyu4 si1.
  • Fun fact: 师 = professional. 厨师 is the job title. 做饭的人 is not a card. 饭店 here is restaurant, not hotel-only.
  • Memorize: Tall hat, wok, 饭店: 厨师.
  • Study tip: 一位厨师. Don’t answer 做饭.

12. 肯定（kěndìng）

definitely; to be certain · pasti; yakin

Example: 他今天肯定会来，因为他说得很清楚。 — He will definitely come today, because he said so very clearly.

肯定
  • CJK: 肯 = 肯 kěn. 定 = 定 dìng. JP 肯定（こうてい） also “affirm.” Canto 肯定 hang2 ding6.
  • Fun fact: Adv “definitely” in today’s sentence. Also a verb “to affirm.” Peek’s other sense was “I’m not quite certain” — ignore that; the note’s mandarin is 肯定会来.
  • Memorize: Finger tap on “today,” nod: 肯定会来.
  • Study tip: 肯定会. Don’t answer 一定 unless that’s the card; they’re close but not the audio.

13. 队员（duìyuán）

team member · anggota tim

Example: 每个队员都来了。 — Every team member has arrived.

队员
  • CJK: 队 = 隊 duì. 员 = 員 yuán. JP 隊員（たいいん）. Canto 隊員 deoi6 jyun4. 员 = member, same as 会员.
  • Fun fact: 每个队员. 队 is the team; 队员 is one body in it. 队员们 optional.
  • Memorize: Sports kit, whole squad through the door: 每个队员都来了.
  • Study tip: 队员. Don’t answer 队 or 运动员 (athlete) unless that’s the card.

14. 感人（gǎnrén）

touching; moving · mengharukan

Example: 这个故事很感人。 — This story is very moving.

感人
  • CJK: 感 = 感 gǎn (感觉). 人 = 人. JP 感動的. Canto 感人 gam2 jan4. Same 感 as 感冒? No — 感冒 is a cold. 感动 is the verb “be moved.”
  • Fun fact: Adj. 很感人. 感动 is “it moved me.” 感人 describes the story.
  • Memorize: Tear on a storybook: 很感人.
  • Study tip: 感人. Don’t answer 感动 or 感觉.

15. 牙膏（yágāo）

toothpaste · pasta gigi

Example: 早上我发现牙膏用完了，得去买。 — This morning I found we were out of toothpaste, so I have to go buy some.

牙膏
  • CJK: 牙 = 牙 yá. 膏 = 膏 gāo (paste). JP 歯磨き粉. Canto 牙膏 ngaa4 gou1. Measure 管.
  • Fun fact: 用完了 is the grammar hanging on a bathroom noun. 一管牙膏. 牙刷 is the brush — different card.
  • Memorize: Empty squeezed tube at the sink: 牙膏用完了.
  • Study tip: 一管牙膏. Don’t answer 牙刷.

16. 老虎（lǎohǔ）

tiger · harimau

Example: 动物园有老虎。 — There are tigers at the zoo.

老虎
  • CJK: 老 = 老. 虎 = 虎 hǔ. JP 虎（とら）. Canto 老虎 lou5 fu2. 老 here is prefix, not “old.”
  • Fun fact: 只 is the measure (隻). 纸老虎 = paper tiger, not today’s zoo sentence.
  • Memorize: Zoo fence, orange stripes: 动物园有老虎.
  • Study tip: 一只老虎. Don’t answer 猫.

17. 温度（wēndù）

temperature · suhu

Example: 今天温度有点儿高，出门别穿太多衣服。 — The temperature is a bit high today; don't wear too many clothes when you go out.

温度
  • CJK: 温 = 溫 wēn. 度 = 度 dù. JP 温度（おんど）. Canto 溫度 wan1 dou6. 度 is the “degree” 度.
  • Fun fact: 温度高 / 低. 气温 is air temp; 体温 is body temp. Today is weather-clothes 温度.
  • Memorize: Thermometer up, coat coming off: 温度有点儿高.
  • Study tip: 温度. Don’t answer 热 or 天气 unless that’s the card.

18. 条件（tiáojiàn）

condition; living conditions; requirement · kondisi; syarat

Example: 他们家的生活条件越来越好了。 — Their family's living conditions keep getting better.

条件
  • CJK: 条 = 條 tiáo. 件 = 件 jiàn. JP 条件（じょうけん）. Canto 條件 tiu4 gin6.
  • Fun fact: Dictionary leads with “requirement.” Today is 生活条件 — how the family lives, not exam 报名条件. 条件好/差.
  • Memorize: Same family, nicer apartment than last year: 生活条件越来越好.
  • Study tip: 生活条件. Don’t jump to 如果 or 报名条件 unless the sentence is that.

19. 歌手（gēshǒu）

singer · penyanyi

Example: 他是有名的歌手。 — He is a famous singer.

歌手
  • CJK: 歌 = 歌 gē. 手 = 手. JP 歌手（かしゅ）. Canto 歌手 go1 sau2. 手 = -er, same pattern as 选手.
  • Fun fact: 有名的歌手. 歌唱家 is the opera-ish word. 唱歌 is the verb.
  • Memorize: Mic, spotlight: 有名的歌手.
  • Study tip: 一位歌手. Don’t answer 唱歌.

20. 任务（rènwu）

task; assignment · tugas

Example: 老师今天给了我们一个新任务，下午要做完。 — The teacher gave us a new task today, and we have to finish it this afternoon.

任务
  • CJK: 任 = 任 rèn. 务 = 務 wù. JP 任務（にんむ）. Canto 任務 jam6 mou6. Classifier on the note: 项.
  • Fun fact: 一个新任务 is in the example, but the measure you just learned is 项. 完成任务. School-afternoon deadline is the picture, not a spy mission.
  • Memorize: Teacher handout + afternoon clock: 新任务，下午要做完.
  • Study tip: 一项任务 / 一个任务. Don’t answer 工作 or 作业 unless that’s the card.